Surah 89. Al-Fajr The Dawn - English Translation

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Verses : 30
الفجر
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

bookmark 1. By the daybreak.

1. وَٱلْفَجْرِ

bookmark 2. And ten nights.

2. وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍۢ

bookmark 3. And the even and the odd.

3. وَٱلشَّفْعِ وَٱلْوَتْرِ

bookmark 4. And the night as it recedes.

4. وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ

bookmark 5. Is there in this an oath for a rational person?

5. هَلْ فِى ذَٰلِكَ قَسَمٌۭ لِّذِى حِجْرٍ

bookmark 6. Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with Aad?

6. أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ

bookmark 7. Erum of the pillars.

7. إِرَمَ ذَاتِ ٱلْعِمَادِ

bookmark 8. The like of which was never created in the land.

8. ٱلَّتِى لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِى ٱلْبِلَٰدِ

bookmark 9. And Thamood—those who carved the rocks in the valley.

9. وَثَمُودَ ٱلَّذِينَ جَابُوا۟ ٱلصَّخْرَ بِٱلْوَادِ

bookmark 10. And Pharaoh of the Stakes.

10. وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِى ٱلْأَوْتَادِ

bookmark 11. Those who committed excesses in the lands.

11. ٱلَّذِينَ طَغَوْا۟ فِى ٱلْبِلَٰدِ

bookmark 12. And spread much corruption therein.

12. فَأَكْثَرُوا۟ فِيهَا ٱلْفَسَادَ

bookmark 13. So your Lord poured down upon them a scourge of punishment.

13. فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ

bookmark 14. Your Lord is on the lookout.

14. إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِٱلْمِرْصَادِ

bookmark 15. As for man, whenever his Lord tests him, and honors him, and prospers him, he says, “My Lord has honored me.”

15. فَأَمَّا ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ إِذَا مَا ٱبْتَلَىٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ فَأَكْرَمَهُۥ وَنَعَّمَهُۥ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّىٓ أَكْرَمَنِ

bookmark 16. But whenever He tests him, and restricts his livelihood for him, he says, “My Lord has insulted me.”

16. وَأَمَّآ إِذَا مَا ٱبْتَلَىٰهُ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُۥ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّىٓ أَهَٰنَنِ

bookmark 17. Not at all. But you do not honor the orphan.

17. كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا تُكْرِمُونَ ٱلْيَتِيمَ

bookmark 18. And you do not urge the feeding of the poor.

18. وَلَا تَحَٰٓضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ ٱلْمِسْكِينِ

bookmark 19. And you devour inheritance with all greed.

19. وَتَأْكُلُونَ ٱلتُّرَاثَ أَكْلًۭا لَّمًّۭا

bookmark 20. And you love wealth with immense love.

20. وَتُحِبُّونَ ٱلْمَالَ حُبًّۭا جَمًّۭا

bookmark 21. No—when the earth is leveled, pounded, and crushed.

21. كَلَّآ إِذَا دُكَّتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ دَكًّۭا دَكًّۭا

bookmark 22. And your Lord comes, with the angels, row after row.

22. وَجَآءَ رَبُّكَ وَٱلْمَلَكُ صَفًّۭا صَفًّۭا

bookmark 23. And on that Day, Hell is brought forward. On that Day, man will remember, but how will remembrance avail him?

23. وَجِا۟ىٓءَ يَوْمَئِذٍۭ بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ يَتَذَكَّرُ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰ

bookmark 24. He will say, “If only I had forwarded for my life.”

24. يَقُولُ يَٰلَيْتَنِى قَدَّمْتُ لِحَيَاتِى

bookmark 25. On that Day, none will punish as He punishes.

25. فَيَوْمَئِذٍۢ لَّا يُعَذِّبُ عَذَابَهُۥٓ أَحَدٌۭ

bookmark 26. And none will shackle as He shackles.

26. وَلَا يُوثِقُ وَثَاقَهُۥٓ أَحَدٌۭ

bookmark 27. But as for you, O tranquil soul.

27. يَٰٓأَيَّتُهَا ٱلنَّفْسُ ٱلْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ

bookmark 28. Return to your Lord, pleased and accepted.

28. ٱرْجِعِىٓ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةًۭ مَّرْضِيَّةًۭ

bookmark 29. Enter among My servants.

29. فَٱدْخُلِى فِى عِبَٰدِى

bookmark 30. Enter My Paradise.

30. وَٱدْخُلِى جَنَّتِى

Context of Revelation

The surah Al-Fajr (“The Dawn”) is a Meccan surah composed of 30 verses. Its title comes from the opening word, Al-Fajr, meaning “the dawn.” It was revealed during a time when the Prophet ﷺ and his followers faced severe persecution from the Quraysh in Mecca.

According to Ibn Kathir and Al-Qurtubi, this surah reminds humanity of divine justice through the stories of destroyed civilizations (ʿĀd, Thamūd, and Pharaoh) and emphasizes moral responsibility in times of wealth and trial. It urges gratitude, humility, and righteousness, promising eternal rest to the tranquil soul.

Main Teachings and Key Insights

The surah Al-Fajr highlights the connection between divine justice, human arrogance, and spiritual destiny. Its main teachings include:

  • Divine oaths: God swears by the dawn, the ten nights, and the even and odd, symbolizing His power manifested through time. (verses 1–4)
  • Warning through history: the arrogant nations of ʿĀd, Thamūd, and Pharaoh were destroyed for their oppression. (verses 6–14)
  • Critique of human ingratitude: people mistakenly see wealth as divine favor and hardship as humiliation. (verses 15–17)
  • Call for compassion and justice: God condemns neglect of orphans and the needy. (verses 17–20)
  • Judgment Day imagery: the deniers will face regret, while the tranquil souls find eternal peace. (verses 21–30)

The surah links the downfall of past nations to present moral decay, reminding that power and wealth are meaningless without humility and faith.

Structure and Main Themes

  • Oaths by time (verses 1–5): the dawn and night as symbols of divine order.
  • Fate of the arrogant (verses 6–14): examples of God’s justice through history.
  • Human behavior in trials (verses 15–20): pride in prosperity, despair in adversity.
  • Scenes of Judgment Day (verses 21–26): the exposure of injustice and regret of deniers.
  • The peaceful soul (verses 27–30): the ultimate reward — peace and entry into Paradise.

The tone of the surah is solemn and moral, combining cosmic grandeur with spiritual awakening, as dawn symbolizes divine light guiding believers toward God.

Key Verses

The central verses of the surah are verses 27–30:

يَا أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ * ارْجِعِي إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةً مَرْضِيَّةً * فَادْخُلِي فِي عِبَادِي * وَادْخُلِي جَنَّتِي

O tranquil soul, return to your Lord, well-pleased and pleasing to Him. Enter among My servants and enter My Paradise.

Why are these verses key?

  • They express the spiritual culmination of faith: the soul’s peaceful return to its Creator.
  • They symbolize the final reward for those who lived in patience and righteousness.
  • They are often recited in funerals as a reminder of divine mercy and the serene return to God.

In summary, Al-Fajr calls for reflection on divine justice, humility in prosperity, and the pursuit of inner peace. It ends with a promise of eternal tranquility for those whose hearts remain at peace with God.

Surah Al-Fajr
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