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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

bookmark 1. Ha, Meem.

1. حمٓ

bookmark 2. By the Enlightening Scripture.

2. وَٱلْكِتَٰبِ ٱلْمُبِينِ

bookmark 3. We have revealed it on a Blessed Night—We have warned.

3. إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَٰهُ فِى لَيْلَةٍۢ مُّبَٰرَكَةٍ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنذِرِينَ

bookmark 4. In it is distinguished every wise command.

4. فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ

bookmark 5. A decree from Us. We have been sending messages.

5. أَمْرًۭا مِّنْ عِندِنَآ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُرْسِلِينَ

bookmark 6. As mercy from your Lord. He is the Hearer, the Knower.

6. رَحْمَةًۭ مِّن رَّبِّكَ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ

bookmark 7. Lord of the heavens and the earth and what is between them, if you know for sure.

7. رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَآ ۖ إِن كُنتُم مُّوقِنِينَ

bookmark 8. There is no god but He. He gives life and causes death—your Lord and Lord of your ancestors of old.

8. لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ يُحْىِۦ وَيُمِيتُ ۖ رَبُّكُمْ وَرَبُّ ءَابَآئِكُمُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ

bookmark 9. Yet they play around in doubt.

9. بَلْ هُمْ فِى شَكٍّۢ يَلْعَبُونَ

bookmark 10. So watch out for the Day when the sky produces a visible smoke.

10. فَٱرْتَقِبْ يَوْمَ تَأْتِى ٱلسَّمَآءُ بِدُخَانٍۢ مُّبِينٍۢ

bookmark 11. Enveloping mankind; this is a painful punishment.

11. يَغْشَى ٱلنَّاسَ ۖ هَٰذَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌۭ

bookmark 12. “Our Lord, lift the torment from us, we are believers.”

12. رَّبَّنَا ٱكْشِفْ عَنَّا ٱلْعَذَابَ إِنَّا مُؤْمِنُونَ

bookmark 13. But how can they be reminded? An enlightening messenger has already come to them.

13. أَنَّىٰ لَهُمُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰ وَقَدْ جَآءَهُمْ رَسُولٌۭ مُّبِينٌۭ

bookmark 14. But they turned away from him, and said, “Educated, but crazy!”

14. ثُمَّ تَوَلَّوْا۟ عَنْهُ وَقَالُوا۟ مُعَلَّمٌۭ مَّجْنُونٌ

bookmark 15. We will ease the punishment a little, but you will revert.

15. إِنَّا كَاشِفُوا۟ ٱلْعَذَابِ قَلِيلًا ۚ إِنَّكُمْ عَآئِدُونَ

bookmark 16. The Day when We launch the Great Assault—We will avenge.

16. يَوْمَ نَبْطِشُ ٱلْبَطْشَةَ ٱلْكُبْرَىٰٓ إِنَّا مُنتَقِمُونَ

bookmark 17. Before them We tested the people of Pharaoh; a noble messenger came to them.

17. ۞ وَلَقَدْ فَتَنَّا قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَجَآءَهُمْ رَسُولٌۭ كَرِيمٌ

bookmark 18. Saying, “Hand over God’s servants to me. I am an honest messenger to you.”

18. أَنْ أَدُّوٓا۟ إِلَىَّ عِبَادَ ٱللَّهِ ۖ إِنِّى لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌۭ

bookmark 19. And, “Do not exalt yourselves above God. I come to you with clear authority.

19. وَأَن لَّا تَعْلُوا۟ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ۖ إِنِّىٓ ءَاتِيكُم بِسُلْطَٰنٍۢ مُّبِينٍۢ

bookmark 20. I have taken refuge in my Lord and your Lord, lest you stone me.

20. وَإِنِّى عُذْتُ بِرَبِّى وَرَبِّكُمْ أَن تَرْجُمُونِ

bookmark 21. But if you do not believe in me, keep away from me.”

21. وَإِن لَّمْ تُؤْمِنُوا۟ لِى فَٱعْتَزِلُونِ

bookmark 22. He appealed to his Lord: “These are a sinful people.”

22. فَدَعَا رَبَّهُۥٓ أَنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ قَوْمٌۭ مُّجْرِمُونَ

bookmark 23. “Set out with My servants by night—you will be followed.

23. فَأَسْرِ بِعِبَادِى لَيْلًا إِنَّكُم مُّتَّبَعُونَ

bookmark 24. And cross the sea quickly; they are an army to be drowned.”

24. وَٱتْرُكِ ٱلْبَحْرَ رَهْوًا ۖ إِنَّهُمْ جُندٌۭ مُّغْرَقُونَ

bookmark 25. How many gardens and fountains did they leave behind?

25. كَمْ تَرَكُوا۟ مِن جَنَّٰتٍۢ وَعُيُونٍۢ

bookmark 26. And plantations, and splendid buildings.

26. وَزُرُوعٍۢ وَمَقَامٍۢ كَرِيمٍۢ

bookmark 27. And comforts they used to enjoy.

27. وَنَعْمَةٍۢ كَانُوا۟ فِيهَا فَٰكِهِينَ

bookmark 28. So it was; and We passed it on to another people.

28. كَذَٰلِكَ ۖ وَأَوْرَثْنَٰهَا قَوْمًا ءَاخَرِينَ

bookmark 29. Neither heaven nor earth wept over them, nor were they reprieved.

29. فَمَا بَكَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلسَّمَآءُ وَٱلْأَرْضُ وَمَا كَانُوا۟ مُنظَرِينَ

bookmark 30. And We delivered the Children of Israel from the humiliating persecution.

30. وَلَقَدْ نَجَّيْنَا بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ مِنَ ٱلْعَذَابِ ٱلْمُهِينِ

bookmark 31. From Pharaoh. He was a transgressing tyrant.

31. مِن فِرْعَوْنَ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ عَالِيًۭا مِّنَ ٱلْمُسْرِفِينَ

bookmark 32. And We chose them knowingly over all other people.

32. وَلَقَدِ ٱخْتَرْنَٰهُمْ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍ عَلَى ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ

bookmark 33. And We gave them many signs, in which was an obvious test.

33. وَءَاتَيْنَٰهُم مِّنَ ٱلْءَايَٰتِ مَا فِيهِ بَلَٰٓؤٌۭا۟ مُّبِينٌ

bookmark 34. These people say.

34. إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ لَيَقُولُونَ

bookmark 35. “There is nothing but our first death, and we will not be resurrected.

35. إِنْ هِىَ إِلَّا مَوْتَتُنَا ٱلْأُولَىٰ وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُنشَرِينَ

bookmark 36. Bring back our ancestors, if you are truthful.”

36. فَأْتُوا۟ بِـَٔابَآئِنَآ إِن كُنتُمْ صَٰدِقِينَ

bookmark 37. Are they better, or the people of Tubba and those before them? We annihilated them. They were evildoers.

37. أَهُمْ خَيْرٌ أَمْ قَوْمُ تُبَّعٍۢ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ أَهْلَكْنَٰهُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ مُجْرِمِينَ

bookmark 38. We did not create the heavens and the earth and what is between them to play.

38. وَمَا خَلَقْنَا ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا لَٰعِبِينَ

bookmark 39. We created them only for a specific purpose, but most of them do not know.

39. مَا خَلَقْنَٰهُمَآ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

bookmark 40. The Day of Sorting Out is the appointed time for them all.

40. إِنَّ يَوْمَ ٱلْفَصْلِ مِيقَٰتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ

bookmark 41. The Day when no friend will avail a friend in any way, and they will not be helped.

41. يَوْمَ لَا يُغْنِى مَوْلًى عَن مَّوْلًۭى شَيْـًۭٔا وَلَا هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ

bookmark 42. Except for him upon whom God has mercy. He is the Mighty, the Merciful.

42. إِلَّا مَن رَّحِمَ ٱللَّهُ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ

bookmark 43. The Tree of Bitterness.

43. إِنَّ شَجَرَتَ ٱلزَّقُّومِ

bookmark 44. The food of the sinner.

44. طَعَامُ ٱلْأَثِيمِ

bookmark 45. Like molten lead; boiling inside the bellies.

45. كَٱلْمُهْلِ يَغْلِى فِى ٱلْبُطُونِ

bookmark 46. Like the boiling of seething water.

46. كَغَلْىِ ٱلْحَمِيمِ

bookmark 47. Seize him and drag him into the midst of Hell!

47. خُذُوهُ فَٱعْتِلُوهُ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ ٱلْجَحِيمِ

bookmark 48. Then pour over his head the suffering of the Inferno!

48. ثُمَّ صُبُّوا۟ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِۦ مِنْ عَذَابِ ٱلْحَمِيمِ

bookmark 49. Taste! You who were powerful and noble.

49. ذُقْ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْكَرِيمُ

bookmark 50. This is what you used to doubt.

50. إِنَّ هَٰذَا مَا كُنتُم بِهِۦ تَمْتَرُونَ

bookmark 51. As for the righteous, they will be in a secure place.

51. إِنَّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ فِى مَقَامٍ أَمِينٍۢ

bookmark 52. Amidst gardens and springs.

52. فِى جَنَّٰتٍۢ وَعُيُونٍۢ

bookmark 53. Dressed in silk and brocade, facing one another.

53. يَلْبَسُونَ مِن سُندُسٍۢ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٍۢ مُّتَقَٰبِلِينَ

bookmark 54. So it is, and We will wed them to lovely companions.

54. كَذَٰلِكَ وَزَوَّجْنَٰهُم بِحُورٍ عِينٍۢ

bookmark 55. They will call therein for every kind of fruit, in peace and security.

55. يَدْعُونَ فِيهَا بِكُلِّ فَٰكِهَةٍ ءَامِنِينَ

bookmark 56. Therein they will not taste death, beyond the first death; and He will protect them from the torment of Hell.

56. لَا يَذُوقُونَ فِيهَا ٱلْمَوْتَ إِلَّا ٱلْمَوْتَةَ ٱلْأُولَىٰ ۖ وَوَقَىٰهُمْ عَذَابَ ٱلْجَحِيمِ

bookmark 57. A favor from your Lord. That is the supreme salvation.

57. فَضْلًۭا مِّن رَّبِّكَ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلْفَوْزُ ٱلْعَظِيمُ

bookmark 58. We made it easy in your language, so that they may remember.

58. فَإِنَّمَا يَسَّرْنَٰهُ بِلِسَانِكَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ

bookmark 59. So wait and watch. They too are waiting and watching.

59. فَٱرْتَقِبْ إِنَّهُم مُّرْتَقِبُونَ

Context of Revelation

The chapter Ad-Dukhan (“The Smoke”) is a Meccan surah consisting of 59 verses. It takes its name from verse 10, which mentions a visible smoke (dukhān) sent as a sign of divine punishment to those who denied the truth. Revealed during a time of intense opposition in Mecca, it addresses the arrogance and disbelief of the Quraysh, reminding them of God’s signs, the reality of the Hereafter, and the majesty of the Qur’an revealed on the Blessed Night.

This surah serves both as a warning to the disbelievers and as a reassurance to the Prophet , affirming that divine revelation stands above human mockery and that ultimate justice belongs to God.

Main Teachings and Key Insights

Ad-Dukhan highlights the truth of revelation, the Day of Judgment, and the manifestations of divine wrath. It exposes human fragility before the power of God and urges reflection and repentance. Its key lessons include:

  • The Qur’an’s revelation on a Blessed Night — identified with Laylat al-Qadr — when divine decrees are established (vv. 2–6).
  • The “smoke” as a sign of punishment, referring to a famine that afflicted Mecca as a warning to the Quraysh (vv. 10–16).
  • The story of Pharaoh and Moses: a timeless reminder of arrogance and injustice punished by God (vv. 17–31).
  • The separation of the righteous and the wicked: the faithful dwell in peace, while the deniers face eternal torment (vv. 51–57).
  • Divine sovereignty and justice: God controls destiny and will gather all creation for judgment (vv. 36–42).

This surah carries a dual tone of warning and consolation: it cautions those who reject faith while comforting the Prophet with assurance of the truth and authority of the revelation.

Structure and Main Themes

  • Introduction (vv. 1–9): the Qur’an revealed on the Blessed Night as a guide and mercy.
  • The sign of the smoke (vv. 10–16): a divine warning to the Quraysh for their disbelief.
  • The story of Moses and Pharaoh (vv. 17–33): punishment of the arrogant and rescue of the believers.
  • Reflection on creation and destiny (vv. 34–42): affirmation of God’s supreme authority.
  • The fate of the believers and disbelievers (vv. 43–57): vivid contrast between Hell’s torment and Paradise’s bliss.
  • Conclusion (vv. 58–59): the Qur’an as a clear message and final reminder to humanity.

The tone of Ad-Dukhan is majestic and prophetic: it intertwines divine warning, cosmic signs, and the promise of mercy for the faithful.

Key Verse

The central verse is verse 10:

فَارْتَقِبْ يَوْمَ تَأْتِي السَّمَاءُ بِدُخَانٍ مُّبِينٍ

“Then watch for the Day when the sky will bring forth a visible smoke.”

Why this verse is key:

  • It symbolizes the divine punishment sent to warn the deniers — interpreted as a famine that struck Mecca.
  • It represents the visible signs of God’s power and His mercy in giving time for repentance.
  • It defines the surah itself, connecting its name and message to the reality of divine justice.

In summary, Ad-Dukhan calls believers to recognize the greatness of revelation, the certainty of the Last Judgment, and the need for sincere faith. It warns against arrogance and denial while promising divine peace and mercy to those who believe and remain steadfast.

Surah Ad-Dukhan
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